#Theory, Modelling & Upscaling #2014 – 2017 #2011 – 2014 #Species biodiversity #Grassland #Ecosystem processes #Forest #Ecosystem services #Synthesis #Statistics

Synthesis (Core project)

Core project – Ecological synthesis

Project phase 2011-2017

Fundamental and general understanding of ecological relationships can only be achieved by comparing and linking data from different taxa, ecological processes and spatio-temporal scales in a broad perspective. An optimal approach for such ecological syntheses is to organise research in such a way that different data are collected within a common study design, so that these data can later be directly compared and linked. Creating such a common study design, and thereby enabling fundamental ecological synthesis, was one of the main reasons for establishing the Biodiversity Exploratories. The Synthesis Central Project is responsible for ensuring that this ecological synthesis is realised.

Figure: The photo shows a meadow with a flock of sheep in front of a climate measuring station. On the right side of the picture there is a shepherd with dogs and another man. In the background there are more meadows and mixed forest on hills.

Goals

The project has three main objectives:

1. a series of comprehensive synthesis analyses on the core questions of the
Biodiversity Exploratories, the links between land use, biodiversity and ecosystem processes;

2. a closer examination of the important and still difficult question of how to
question of how to quantify land use intensity in forests and grasslands;

3. the dissemination of the synthesis idea, and the methodological and content-related support of synthesis activities of other working groups. The synthesis project creates synergies and cross-project added value, in line with the guiding questions of the Biodiversity Exploratories.

Publications

A slow-fast trait continuum at the whole community level in relation to land-use intensification

Neyret M., Le Provost G., Boesing A. L., Schneider F. D., Baulechner D., Bergmann J., de Vries F., Fiore-Donno A. M., Geisen S., Goldmann K., Saifutdinov R., Simons N. K., Tobias J., Zaitsev A., Gossner M. M., Jung K., Kandeler E., Krauss J., Penone C., Schloter M., Schulz S., Staab M., Wolters V., Apostolakis, Birkhofer K., Boch S., Boeddinghaus R. S., Bolliger R., Bonkowski M., Buscot F., Dumack K., Fischer M., Gan H. Y., Heinze J., Hölzel N., John K., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Marhan S., Müller J., Renner S. C., Rillig M., Schenk N. V., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Seibold S., Socher S., Solly E., Teuscher M., van Kleunen M., Wubet T., Manning P. (2024): A slow-fast trait continuum at the whole community level in relation to land-use intensification. Nature Communications 15: 1251. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45113-5

The supply of multiple ecosystem services requires biodiversity across spatial scales

Le Provost G., Schenk N. V., Penone C., Thiele J., Westphal C., Allan E., Ayasse M., Binkenstein J., Blüthgen N., Boeddinghaus R., Boesing A. L., Bolliger R., Busch V., Fischer M., Frank K., Gossner M. M., Hoelzel N., Jung K., Kandeler E., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Klötzing T., Leimer S., Marhan S., Morris K., Müller S., Neff F., Neyret M., Oelmann Y., Perović D., Prati D., Rillig M. C., Saiz H., Schäfer D., Schäfer M., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Schloter M., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Steckel J., , Steffan-Dewenter I., Stempfhuber B., Trumbore S., Tschapka M., Vogt J., Weiner C., Weisser W. W., Wells K., Werner M., Wilcke W., Manning P. (2023): The supply of multiple ecosystem services requires biodiversity across spatial scales. Nature, Ecology & Evolution 7, 236–249. doi: 10.1038/s41559-022-01918-5

Landscape management strategies for multifunctionality and social equity

Neyret M., Peter S., Le Provost G., Boch S., Boesing A. L., Bullock J., Hölzel N., Klaus V. K., Kleinebecker T., Krauss J., Müller J., Müller S., Ammer C., Buscot F., Ehbrecht M., Fischer M., Goldmann K., Jung K., Mehring M., Müller T., Renner S. C., Schall P., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Westphal C., Wubet T., Manning P. (2023): Landscape management strategies for multifunctionality and social equity. Nature Sustainability 6, 391–403. doi: 10.1038/s41893-022-01045-w

National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany

Forstinventuren zeigen wie multifunktional wirtschaftlich genutzte Wälder sind

Simons N. K., Felipe-Lucia M. R., Schall P., Ammer C., Bauhus J., Blüthgen N., Boch S., Buscot F., Fischer M., Goldmann K., Gossner M. M., Hänsel F., Jung K., Manning P., Nauss T., Oelmann Y., Pena R., Polle A., Renner S. C., Schloter M., Schöning I., Schulze E.-D., Solly E., Sorkau E., Stempfhuber B., Wubet T., Müller J., Seibold S., Weisser W. W. (2021): National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany. Forest Ecosystems 8, 5. doi: 10.1186/s40663-021-00280-5

Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity

Le Provost G., Thiele J., Westphal C., Penone C., Allan E., Neyret M., van der Plas F., Ayasse M., Bardgett R., Birkhofer K., Boch S., Bonkowski M., Buscot F., Feldhaar H., Gaulton R., Goldmann K., Gossner M. M., Klaus V., Kleinebecker T., Krauss J., Renner S., Scherreiks P., Sikorski J., Baulechner D., Blüthgen N., Bolliger R., Börschig C., Busch V., Chisté M., Fiore-Donno A. M., Fischer M., Arndt H., Hoelzel N., Jung K., Lange M., Marzini C., Overmann J., Paŝalić E., Perović D., Prati D., Schäfer D., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Sonnemann I., Steffan-Dewenter I., Tschapka M., Türke M., Vogt J., Wehner K., Weiner C., Weisser W. W., Wells K., Werner M., Wolters V., Wubet T., Wurst S., Zaitsev A. S., Manning P. (2021): Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity. Nature Communications 12:3918. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23931-1

Assessing the impact of grassland management on landscape multifunctionality

Neyret M., Fischer M., Allan E., Hölzel N., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Krauss J., Le Provost G., Peter. S, Schenk N., Simons N.K., van der Plas F., Binkenstein J., Börshig C., Jung K., Prati D., Schäfer M., Schäfer D., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Tschapka M., Westphal C., Manning P. (2021): Assessing the impact of grassland management on landscape multifunctionality. Ecosystem Services 52: 101366. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101366

Land-use intensity alters networks between biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services

Felipe-Lucia M. R., Soliveres S., Penone C., Fischer M., Ammer C., Boch S., Boeddinghaus R., Bonkowski M., Buscot F., Fiore-Donno A. M., Frank K., Goldmann K., Gossner M. M., Hölzel N., Jochum M., Kandeler E., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Leimer S., Manning P., Oelmann Y., Saiz H., Schall P., Schloter M. , Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Solly E. F., Stempfhuber B., Weisser W. W., Wilcke W., Wubet T., Allan E. (2020): Land-use intensity alters networks between biodiversity, ecosystem functions, and services. PNAS 117 (45), 28140-28149. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2016210117

The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic

Jochum M., Fischer M., Isbell F., Roscher C., van der Plas F., Boch S., Boenisch G., Buchmann N., Catford J. A., Cavender-Bares J., Ebeling A., Eisenhauer N., Gleixner G., Hölzel N., Kattge J., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Lange M., Le Provost G., Meyer S. T., Molina-Venegas R., Mommer L, Oelmann Y., Penone C., Prati D., Reich P. B., Rindisbacher A., Schäfer D., Scheu S., Schmid B., Tilman D., Tscharntke T., Vogel A., Wagg C., Weigelt A., Weisser W. W., Wilcke W., Manning P. (2020): The results of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments are realistic. Nature Ecology & Evolution 4, 1485–1494. doi: /10.1038/s41559-020-1280-9

Towards the development of general rules describing landscape heterogeneity-multifunctionality relationships

Entwicklung allgemeiner Regeln zur Beschreibung von Verhältnissen zwischen Heterogenität und Landschaft Multifunktionalität

van der Plas F., Allan E., Fischer M., Alt F., Arndt H., Binkenstein J., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., Böhm S., Hölzel N., Klaus V. H., Kleinbecker T., Morris K., Oelmann Y., Prati D., Renner S. C., Rillig M. C., Schäfer M., Schloter M., Schmitt B., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Solly E., Sorkau E., Steckel J., Steffen-Dewenter I., Stempfhuber B., Tschapka M., Weiner C. N., Weisser W. W., Werner M., Westphal C., Wilcke W., Manning P. (2019): Towards the development of general rules describing landscape heterogeneity-multifunctionality relationships. Journal of Applied Ecology 56 (1), 168-179. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.13260

Specialisation and diversity of multiple trophic groups are promoted by different forest features

Penone C., Allan E., Soliveres S., Felipe Lucia M., Gossner M. M., Seibold S., Simons N. K., Schall P., van der Plas F., Manning P., Manzanedo R. D., Boch S., Prati D., Ammer C., Bauhus J., Buscot B., Ehbrecht M., Goldmann K., Jung K., Müller J., Müller J. C., Pena R., Polle A., Renner S., Ruess L., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Solly E., Tschapka M., Weisser W. W., Wubet T., Fischer M. (2019): Specialisation and diversity of multiple trophic groups are promoted by different forest features. Ecology Letters 22 (1), 170-180. doi: 10.1111/ele.13182

Towards an Ecological Trait-data Standard

Schneider F. D., Fichtmüller D., Gossner M. M., Güntsch A., Jochum M., König-Ries B., Le Provost G., Manning P., Ostrowski A., Penone C., Simons N. K. (2019): Towards an Ecological Trait-data Standard. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 10 (12), 2006-2019. doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13288

Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services

Verschiedene Eigenschaften von Waldbeständen unterstützen das Angebot multipler Ökosystemleistungen

Felipe-Lucia M. R., Soliveres S., Penone C., Manning P., van der Plas F., Boch S., Prati D., Ammer C., Schall P., Gossner M. M., Bauhus J., Buscot F., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., de Frutos A., Ehbrecht M., Frank K., Goldmann K., Hänsel F., Jung K., Kahl T., Nauss T., Oelmann Y., Pena R., Polle A., Renner S., Schloter M., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Schulze E.-D., Solly E., Sorkau E., Stempfhuber B., Tschapka M., Weisser W. W., Wubet T., Fischer M., Allan E. (2018): Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services. Nature Communications 9:4839. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07082-4

Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality

Multifunktionalität Ökosystemen

Manning P., van der Plas F., Soliveres S., Allan E., Maestre F. T., Mace G., Whittingham M. J., Fischer M. (2018): Redefining ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature Ecology and Evolution 2, 427-436. doi: 10.1038/s41559-017-0461-7

Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits

Soliveres S., Lehmann A., Boch S., Altermatt F., Carrara F., Crowther T. W., Delgado‐Baquerizo M., Kempel A., Maynard D. S., Rillig M. C., Singh B. K., Trivedi P., Allan E. (2018): Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits. Journal of Ecology 106 (3), 852–864. doi: 10.1111/1365-2745.12959

Fagus sylvatica seedlings show provenance differentiation rather than adaptation to soil in a transplant experiment

Manzanedo R. D., Schanz F. R., Fischer M., Allan E. (2018): Fagus sylvatica seedlings show provenance differentiation rather than adaptation to soil in a transplant experiment. BMC Ecology 18 (1): 42. doi: 10.1186/s12898-018-0197-5

Locally rare species influence grassland ecosystem multifunctionality

Soliveres S., Manning P., Prati D., Gossner M. M., Alt F., Arndt H., Baumgartner V., Binkenstein J., Birkhofer K., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., Boch S., Böhm S., Börschig C., Buscot F., Diekötter T., Heinze J., Hölzel N., Jung K., Klaus V. H., Klein A.-M., Kleinebecker T., Klemmer S., Krauss J., Lange M., Morris K. E., Müller J., Oelmann Y., Overmann J., Pašalić E., Renner S. C., Rillig M. C., Schäfer M., Schloter M., Schmitt B., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Sikorski J., Socher S. A., Solly E., Sonnemann I., Sorkau E., Steckel J., Steffen-Dewenter I., Stempfhuber B., Tschapka M., Türke M., Venter P., Weiner C. N., Weisser W. W., Werner M., Westphal C., Wilcke W., Wolters V., Wubet T., Wurst S., Fischer M., Allan E. (2016): Locally rare species influence grassland ecosystem multifunctionality. Phylosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 371(1694):20150269. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0269

Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenisation of grassland communities

Gossner M. M., Lewinsohn T., Kahl T., Grassein F., Boch S., Prati D., Birkhofer K., Renner S. C., Sikorski J., Wubet T., Arndt H., Baumgartner V., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., Börschig C., Buscot F., Diekötter T., Jorge L. R., Jung K., Keyel A. C., Klein A.-M., Klemmer S., Krauss J., Lange M., Müller J., Overmann J., Pašalić E., Penone C., Perović D. J., Purschke O., Schall P., Socher S. A., Sonnemann I., Tschapka M., Tscharntke T., Türke M., Venter P. C., Weiner C. N., Werner M., Wolters V., Wurst S., Westphal C., Fischer M., Weisser W. W., Allan E. (2016): Land-use intensification causes multitrophic homogenisation of grassland communities. Nature 540 (7632), 266–269. doi: 10.1038/nature20575

Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality

Soliveres S., van der Plas F., Manning P., Prati D., Gossner M. M., Renner S. C., Alt F., Arndt H., Baumgartner V., Binkenstein J., Birkhofer K., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., Boch S., Böhm S., Börschig C., Buscot F., Diekötter T., Heinze J., Hölzel N., Jung K., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Klemmer S., Krauss J., Lange M., Morris K. E., Müller J., Oelmann Y., Overmann J., Pašalić E., Rillig M. C., Schäfer M., Schloter M., Schmitt B., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Sikorski J., Socher S. A., Solly E., Sonnemann I., Sorkau I., Steckel J., Steffen-Dewenter I., Stempfhuber B., Tschapka M., Türke M., Venter P., Weiner C., Weisser W. W., Werner M., Westphal C., Wilcke W., Wolters V., Wubet T., Wurst S., Fischer M., Allan E. (2016): Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality. Nature 536, 456–459. doi: 10.1038/nature19092

Land use intensification alters ecosystem multifunctionality via loss of biodiversity and changes to functional composition

Allan E., Manning P., Alt F., Binkenstein J., Blaser S., Blüthgen N., Böhm S., Grassein F., Hölzel N., Klaus V., Kleinebecker T., Morris K. E., Oelmann Y., Prati D., Renner S. C., Rillig M. C., Schäfer M., Schloter M., Schmitt B., Schöning I., Schrumpf M., Solly E., Sorkau E., Steckel J., Steffen-Dewenter I., Stempfhuber B., Tschapka M., Weiner C. N., Weisser W. W., Werner M., Westphal C., Wilcke W., Fischer M. (2015): Land use intensification alters ecosystem multifunctionality via loss of biodiversity and changes to functional composition. Ecology Letters 18 (8), 834–843. doi: 10.1111/ele.12469

Intransitive competition is widespread in plant communities and maintains their species richness

Soliveres S., Maestre F. T., Ulrich W., Manning P., Boch S., Bowker M., Prati D., Delgado-Baquerizo M., Quero J. L., Schöning I., Gallardo A., Weisser W. W., Müller J., García-Gómez M., Ochoa V., Schulze E.-D., Fischer M., Allan E. (2015): Intransitive competition is widespread in plant communities and maintains their species richness. Ecology Letters 18 (8), 790–798. doi: 10.1111/ele.12456

Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa

Intensive Landnutzung schwächt die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Artenvielfalten verschiedener Tier- und Pflanzengruppen

Manning P., Gossner M. M., Bossdorf O., Allan E., Zhang Y.-Y., Prati D., Blüthgen N., Boch S., Böhm S., Börschig C., Hölzel N., Jung K., Klaus V. H., Klein A. M., Kleinbecker T., Krauss J., Lange M., Müller J., Pašalić E., Socher S. A., Tschapka M., Türke M., Weiner C., Werner M., Gockel S., Hemp A., Renner S. C., Wells C., Buscot F., Kalko E. K. V., Linsenmair K.-E., Weisser W. W., Fischer M. (2015): Grassland management intensification weakens the associations among the diversities of multiple plant and animal taxa. Ecology 96 (6), 1492–1501. doi: 10.1890/14-1307.1

Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity

Regelmäßige Änderungen in der Landnutzung erhöhen die Biodiversität im Grünland

Allan E., Bossdorf O., Dormann C. F., Prati D., Gossner M. M., Tscharntke T., Blüthgen N., Bellach M., Birkhofer K., Boch S., Böhm S., Börschig C., Chatzinotas A., Christ S., Daniel R., Diekötter T., Fischer C., Friedl T., Glaser K., Hallmann C., Hodac L., Hölzel N., Jung K., Klein A. M., Klaus V. H., Kleinebecker T., Krauss J., Lange M., Morris K. E., Müller J., Nacke H., Pasalic E., Rillig M. C., Rothenwöhrer C., Schall P., Scherber C., Schulze W., Socher S. A., Steckel J., Steffan-Dewenter I., Türke M., Weiner C. N., Werner M., Westphal C., Wolters V., Wubet T., Gockel S., Gorke M., Hemp A., Renner S. C., Schöning I., Pfeiffer S., König-Ries B., Buscot F., Linsenmair K. E., Schulze E. D., Weisser W. W., Fischer M. (2014): Interannual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity. PNAS 111, 308–313. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1312213111

Neue Ergebnisse aus den Biodiversitäts-Exploratorien

Fischer M., Boch S., Allan E. (2014): Neue Ergebnisse aus den Biodiversitäts-Exploratorien. Senckenberg Natur · Forschung · Museum 144 (3/4), 98-101

Datasets

Public Datasets

Multi-taxa Community Weighted Mean (CWM) traits in grassland plots used in Neyret et al. 2024 Nature Communications

Neyret, Margot (2024): Multi-taxa Community Weighted Mean (CWM) traits in grassland plots used in Neyret et al. 2024 Nature Communications. Version 5. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/31689?version=5

Aggregated environmental and land-use covariates of the 150 grassland EPs used in “Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity”

Manning, Pete (2021): Aggregated environmental and land-use covariates of the 150 grassland EPs used in "Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity". Version 5. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/31018?version=5

Ecosystem service values in simulated landscapes – used in Neyret et al. 2021 (Assessing the impact of grassland management on landscape multifunctionality, Ecosystem Services)

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete; Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus (2021): Ecosystem service values in simulated landscapes - used in Neyret et al. 2021 (Assessing the impact of grassland management on landscape multifunctionality, Ecosystem Services). Version 15. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25829/bexis.31094-15

Trait data for all plant species, cleaned and aggregated from TRY

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): Trait data for all plant species, cleaned and aggregated from TRY. Version 5. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27610?version=5

Community-weighted mean for plant below-ground traits – 300 forest and grassland EPs – 2008-2018

Neyret, Margot; Lachaise, Tom; van Kleunen, Mark; Bergmann, Joana; Manning, Pete (2020): Community-weighted mean for plant below-ground traits - 300 forest and grassland EPs - 2008-2018. Version 5. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27608?version=5

Plant community properties for all grassland EP’s 2008-2015

Jochum, Malte; Fischer, Markus; Manning, Pete (2020): Plant community properties for all grassland EP's 2008-2015. Version 7. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27666?version=7

R script used to clean and match plant trait data

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): R script used to clean and match plant trait data. Version 4. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27609?version=4

Protocol for cleaning and matching TRY trait data (with sensitivity analyses)

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): Protocol for cleaning and matching TRY trait data (with sensitivity analyses). Version 8. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27607?version=8

Raw plant trait data from TRY

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): Raw plant trait data from TRY. Version 5. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27586?version=5

R script to reproduce the analyses of “Land-use intensity alters networks between biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services”, PNAS (Felipe-Lucia et al. 2020)

Felipe-Lucia, Maria; Allan, Eric (2020): R script to reproduce the analyses of "Land-use intensity alters networks between biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services", PNAS (Felipe-Lucia et al. 2020). Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/27326?version=2

R code to reproduce the analyses used in Felipe-Lucia et al. 2018. Nature Communications. “Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services”

Allan, Eric; Felipe-Lucia, Maria (2018): R code to reproduce the analyses used in Felipe-Lucia et al. 2018. Nature Communications. "Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services". Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/24347?version=2

R script for paper Gossner et al. 2016 Nature 540:266-269

Allan, Eric; Goßner, Martin; Penone, Caterina (2018): R script for paper Gossner et al. 2016 Nature 540:266-269. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/23406?version=2

R scripts usable for dataset: Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis

Allan, Eric; Penone, Caterina (2017): R scripts usable for dataset: Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/22046?version=2

multidiv: an R function to calculate multidiversity of multifunctionality

Allan, Eric (2017): multidiv: an R function to calculate multidiversity of multifunctionality. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/21707?version=2

R scripts usable for dataset: Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2011) for multifunctionality synthesis

Allan, Eric (2017): R scripts usable for dataset: Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2011) for multifunctionality synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de/ddm/data/Showdata/21706?version=2

Non-public datasets

R Script for Project “Spatial pair-wise comparisons of plant- and arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017/18)”

Neuenkamp, Lena; Schenk, Noëlle V. (2024): R Script for Project "Spatial pair-wise comparisons of plant- and arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017/18)". Version 1. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31939

Temporal pair-wise comparisons of plant-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2018)

Neuenkamp, Lena (2024): Temporal pair-wise comparisons of plant-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2018). Version 11. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31921

Temporal pair-wise comparisons of arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017)

Neuenkamp, Lena (2024): Temporal pair-wise comparisons of arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017). Version 9. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31925

Spatial pair-wise comparisons of arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017)

Neuenkamp, Lena (2024): Spatial pair-wise comparisons of arthropod-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2017). Version 10. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31926

Spatial pair-wise comparisons of plant-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2018)

Neuenkamp, Lena (2024): Spatial pair-wise comparisons of plant-community and land-use data (all experimental plots 2008-2018). Version 9. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31924

Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – January 2023

Penone, Caterina; Allan, Eric (2023): Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - January 2023. Version 9. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31435

Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – January 2023

Penone, Caterina; Allan, Eric (2023): Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - January 2023. Version 9. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31434

Assembled ecosystem measures from forest EPs (2008-2021) for multifunctionality synthesis – August 2023

Beringer, Marc; Luginbühl, Paul Armando Gilmour Rivas; Penone, Caterina; Schenk, Noëlle Valerie; Pinho, Bruno Ximenes; Allan, Eric (2023): Assembled ecosystem measures from forest EPs (2008-2021) for multifunctionality synthesis - August 2023. Version 6. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31540

Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2018) for multifunctionality synthesis – June 2020

Schenk, Noelle; Penone, Caterina; Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus (2023): Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2018) for multifunctionality synthesis - June 2020. Version 26. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31621

List of synthesis proposals in the Biodiversity Exploratories

Fürstenau, Cornelia; Griessmeier, Victoria (2023): List of synthesis proposals in the Biodiversity Exploratories. Version 7. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31504

Assembled RAW diversity from forest EPs (2007-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – January 2022

Penone, Caterina (2022): Assembled RAW diversity from forest EPs (2007-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - January 2022. Version 10. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31206

Bird traits for all species in the Exploratories experimental plots

Penone, Caterina (2022): Bird traits for all species in the Exploratories experimental plots. Version 6. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31368

Assembled species information from forest EPs (2007-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – January 2022

Penone, Caterina (2022): Assembled species information from forest EPs (2007-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - January 2022. Version 10. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31207

Topographical Wetness Index (TWI) and soil depth data used in Neyret et al. Landscape strategies for multifunctionality and equity (300 EPs)

Manning, Peter; Neyret, Margot (2022): Topographical Wetness Index (TWI) and soil depth data used in Neyret et al. Landscape strategies for multifunctionality and equity (300 EPs). Version 6. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31357

List of biotic interactions between pairs of species in Biodiversity Exploratories

Saiz, Hugo (2022): List of biotic interactions between pairs of species in Biodiversity Exploratories. Version 3. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 31209

Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2017) for multidiversity synthesis – July 2019

Allan, Eric; Bonkowski, Michael; Chiste, Melanie; Feldhaar, Heike; Fischer, Markus; Goßner, Martin; Jung, Kirsten; Krauss, Jochen; Penone, Caterina; Sikorski, Johannes; Tschapka, Marco; Wolters, Volkmar; Wubet, Tesfaye; Wurst, Susanne; Blüthgen, Nico (2021): Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2017) for multidiversity synthesis - July 2019. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 25626

Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – November 2020

Allan, Eric; Blüthgen, Nico; Boch, Steffen; Bonkowski, Michael; Chiste, Melanie; Feldhaar, Heike; Fischer, Markus; Goldmann, Kezia; Goßner, Martin; Jung, Kirsten; Krauss, Jochen; Penone, Caterina; Sikorski, Johannes; Teuscher, Miriam; Tschapka, Marco; Wolters, Volkmar; Wurst, Susanne (2021): Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - November 2020. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 27707

Plant species list used for aggregating trait data

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): Plant species list used for aggregating trait data. Version 4. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 27611

Community-weighted mean for plant above-ground traits – 300 forest and grassland EPs – 2008-2018

Neyret, Margot; Manning, Pete (2020): Community-weighted mean for plant above-ground traits - 300 forest and grassland EPs - 2008-2018. Version 8. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 27606

Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis – November 2020

Allan, Eric; Penone, Caterina; Blüthgen, Nico; Boch, Steffen; Bonkowski, Michael; Goldmann, Kezia; Goßner, Martin; Wolters, Volkmar (2020): Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2008-2020) for multidiversity synthesis - November 2020. Version 6. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 27706

Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2018) for multifunctionality synthesis – June 2020

Schenk, Noelle; Penone, Caterina; Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus (2020): Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2018) for multifunctionality synthesis - June 2020. Version 24. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 27087

Assembled RAW diversity from forest EPs (2007-2015) for multidiversity synthesis

Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus; Wubet, Tesfaye; Daniel, Rolf; Bauhus, Juergen; Tschapka, Marco; Goßner, Martin; Penone, Caterina (2019): Assembled RAW diversity from forest EPs (2007-2015) for multidiversity synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 24607

Assembled species information from forest EPs (2007-2015) for multidiversity synthesis

Allan, Eric; Boch, Steffen; Goßner, Martin; Wubet, Tesfaye; Penone, Caterina (2019): Assembled species information from forest EPs (2007-2015) for multidiversity synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 24608

Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2010-2017) for multidiversity synthesis – July2019

Allan, Eric; Boch, Steffen; Bonkowski, Michael; Goßner, Martin; Wubet, Tesfaye (2019): Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2010-2017) for multidiversity synthesis - July2019. Version 3. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 25646

Raw data of forest attributes of forest EPs of the Exploratories project used in “Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services”

Allan, Eric; Felipe-Lucia, Maria; Ammer, Christian; Bauhus, Juergen; Fischer, Markus; Nauss, Thomas; Polle, Andrea; Schall, Peter; Schloter, Michael; Schöning, Ingo; Schrumpf, Marion; Sorkau, Elisabeth; Tschapka, Marco; Weisser, Wolfgang; Wubet, Tesfaye; Blüthgen, Nico (2018): Raw data of forest attributes of forest EPs of the Exploratories project used in "Multiple forest attributes underpin the supply of multiple ecosystem services". Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 24367

Synthesis Proposals Status

Ostrowski, Andreas; Griessmeier, Victoria (2017): Synthesis Proposals Status. Version 37. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 22206

Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis

Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus; Tschapka, Marco; Krauss, Jochen; Blüthgen, Nico; Wurst, Susanne; Bonkowski, Michael; Daniel, Rolf; Wolters, Volkmar; Arndt, Hartmut; Wubet, Tesfaye; Goßner, Martin; Penone, Caterina (2017): Assembled RAW diversity from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 21766

Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis

Allan, Eric; Boch, Steffen; Goßner, Martin; Wubet, Tesfaye (2017): Assembled species information from grassland EPs (2010-2016) for multidiversity synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 21726

Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2011) for multifunctionality synthesis

Allan, Eric; Fischer, Markus; Tschapka, Marco; Schäfer, Martin; Rillig, Matthias; Oelmann, Yvonne; Schöning, Ingo; Stempfhuber, Barbara; Klaus, Valentin; Schrumpf, Marion; Westphal, Catrin; Chiste, Melanie (2017): Assembled ecosystem measures from grassland EPs (2008-2011) for multifunctionality synthesis. Version 2. Biodiversity Exploratories Information System. Dataset. https://www.bexis.uni-jena.de. Dataset ID= 21688

The so-called core projects of the BE emerged from the site selection project and the establishment of the exploratories (2006-2008). Since 2008, they have been providing the infrastructure and collecting important basic information on land use, diversity and ecosystem processes (long-term monitoring) for all projects. In addition, they coordinate project-wide activities such as various large-scale experiments.